Hydraulic power unit and internalcombustion engine with clutch drive therebetween operated from the oil circuit of such engines



Dec. 8., 1953 E. o. DALE 2,661,696

HYDRAULIC POWER UNIT AND INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINEv WITH CLUTCH DRIVE THERE BETWEEN OPERATED FROM THE OIL CIRCUIT OF SUCH ENGINES 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed July 22, 1948 7///l//l/M Y;

ATTORNEY?.

Dec. 8, 1953 E. o. DALE 2,561,695

' HYDRAULIC POWER UNIT AND INTERNALCOMBUSTION ENGINE WITH CLUTCH DRIVE THERE BETWEEN OPERATED FROM THE OIL CIRCUIT OF SUCH ENGINES :N1/13mm Elmer O Dale AT TORNE YS.

Dec. 8, 1953 E. o. DALE 2,661,696

HYDRAULIC POWER UNIT AND INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH CLUTCH DRIVE THERE BETWEEN OPERATED FROM THE OIL CIRCUIT OF SUCH ENGINES Filed July 22, 1948 3 Sheelzs--Shee'rl 5 IN VEN TOR.

' Elmer @.Dczle BY @WQJQJW ATTORNEYS.'

Patented Dec. 1953.

UNITED STATE genuine` l HYDRAULIC POWER UNIT AND INTERNAL- COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH CLUTCH DRIVE THEREBETWEEN OPERATED FROM THE OIL CIRCUIT F SUCH ENGINES Elmer 0. Dale, Waukesha, Wis., assigner, by mesne assignments, to Gar Wood Industries,l Incorporated, a corporation of Michigan f Application July zz, 194s, serial No. 40,030

v claims. (c1. a-za) 'I'his invention relates to a hydraulic power unit and an internal combustion Aengine with a clutch drive therebetween actuatedI from theoil pressure in the oil iilter circuit of such-engine as vis employed in a motor vehicle.

One object of the invention is to provide such a power unit in which the clutch thereof is selectively actuated froml the oil pressure in the oil lter circuit of an engine to effect driving engagement of the pump of the unit with the engine.

Another object is to provide such-a power unit actuated by the oil pressure in the oil iilter circuit of an engine in which the pump of such unit is idle except during actuation of a hydraulic cylinder or other hydraulic devices to which the unit is applied to operate the same.

Another object is to provide such a power unit which is generally light in weight and compact and adaptable to be assembled with many different vehicle motors.

A further object to provide such a power unit in which essential parts cannot be readily tampered with.

Another object is to provide such a. power unit in which a single control member is employed to control the flow of the hydraulic oil of the unit and to utilize the oil pressure in the oil -fllter circuit of the engine with which the unit is assembled to place the pump of the f unit in driving operation with the engine.

These and other objects of the invention will appear hereinafter in connection with the vfollowing description of an embodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a longitudinal power unit of the invention;

Fig..2 is a view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;v

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view showing the' parts in normal position with the ram down;-

Fig. s is a. view simim to Fig. '1 with the partsin position for -raising the ram;

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 7 with the parts in position for holding the ram in raised position; and

Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. '1 with the parts in position upon lowering of the ram,

sectional view ofthe The invention is directed to a hydraulic power unit which is secured to the block of the internal combustion engine of a vehicle such as a dump truck to supply power to rams or hydraulic cylinders on the chassis of the truck to raise and lower the dump body. The pump of such unit is -it is clutched to the shaft of the pump by a clutch hydraulically actuated by the oil pressure in the oil iilter circuit of the engine and vcontrolled by the operator of the-vehicle. It is comparatively simple to connect the power unit in the return line from'the iilter so that a valve in such unit can control the application of pressure in the iilter circuit.

Referring to the drawings, for purposes of illustration, the power unit generally designated as I is shown as mounted by suitable brackets on the right side of the engine 2 of a dump truck comprising in general the chassis 3 supported on frontV and rear wheels and in turn supporting engine 2, cab 4 and a dump body 5.

The dump body'5 is raised as shown in Fig. 6 by a ram comprising the piston 6 and the cylinder 1 and the ram is suitably secured to truck chassis v3. Oilto actuate piston 6 for raising or lowering ram'cylinderV 1 and the upper end portion of the ward end by the valve body' I I, and within which; is contained the. pump parts comprising generallythe pump body I2 and pump end I3 assembled side by side vnext to valve body I I.

A retainer plate I4 iits` within the outer cir cumferentially flanged end .ofsjvalve body II.l

A plurality -oi! studs I5 extend longitudinally through pump end I3,jpump body yI2 and valve body II and-are .threaded into retainer plate I4.A

Screws I6 extend through `the end'oi' casing and are threaded into sleeves I1 which In turn are threadedfonto the ends of studs I5 into engagement with end ,plate I8 of pump end I3.

When screws I6 are threaded home vinto sleevesl l II the casing, valve body,` pump parts. and re-- tainer plate` are secured together. The employ-` ment of sleeves Il permits a longer casing IU .to

be yemployed ii necessary.

The central drive shaft I8 of the pump-extends longitudinally through valvebody Il yand pump end I3 and pump body I2 and is supported l 2l in pump end II-andneedlebearings 2| invalvebody Il. The

outer end of shaft I 5 projects' from valve body retainer plate I4 a substantial distance.

-The gear 22 located in the pump body is keyed to shaft I! and meshes with gear-23 keyed to idler shaft 24 which is 'supported for rotation by needle bearings in pump end I2 and valve body II.

The screw 25 is threaded into the inner end of drive shaft I9 against the washer 25 disposedl next to pump end plate I l to prevent longitudinal outward movement of the shaft. The sleeve 21 is assembled over the outer projecting end portion of shaft i5 and a radial flange 'on the inner end of the sleeve fits within an opening provided therefor in valve body II under` neath the retainer plate I4 so that the sleeve is conilned by plate I4. A gasket 22 is provided next to sleeve 21 to prevent oil from leaking out of the clutch and the oil seal 25 is located inside valve body II aroimd shaft I! to seal oi leakage of pump oil along the shaft. Y

-'I "lie hub 2l is assembled over sleeve 21 and the ilange 3| is welded to the inner end .portion of Y the hub. Flange 3i projects radially outwardly of the hub and is turned inwardly at the outer edge to abut against-the circumferential flange on valve body Il located radially outwardly ofretainer plate I4.

The radially spaced brackets 22 are welded to fiangeli and extend radially outwardly therefrom. `One end of each spring 22 is secured to each'bracket 22 and the other end of each spring 33 is secured to a bracket 34 which is welded to l casing il and projects outwardly therefrom.

Springs 32 normally bias flange 2| against valvebody II.

The pump pulley 25 rotates on bah bearings 25 which are assembled over the outer end portion o! hub 3l, and a split ring ilttingin a groove on the outer end of hub 2l contines the pulley thereon.

be described and which is actuatedby the oil pressurevof the engine. .Y A

'I'he clutch plate 29 of the hydraulically operatedclutchhasahubwhlchiskeyedtotheend portion of shaft 'I5 within sleeve 21, the sleeve being out out for this purpose. and plate 3! is retained on the shaft end by a split ring 4l ttingina'grooveontheouterendofshaft I5.

4 2l with pulley 25 thereon outwardly to place pulley 25 into engagement with face material 4I on clutch plate 35. When this engagement is -accomplished pulley 35 then'rotates shaft 'I9 through the clutch plate 3! which is keyed to shaft I9 and the latter drives the pump. When the pressure on diaphragm 42 is released the pulley 25 is separated from plate -to permit the pulley to rotate free of shaft l! by-the tension of springs 32 previously described.

The control 'shaft 43 for operating the valves shaft 43 to limit the rotary movement of shaft 43 and also retain the shaft .within valve body I I.

The pin 46 extends horizontally throughthe exposed upper end portion of shaft 43. One endV of. spring 41 is secured to the end o pin 45 and the other end of spring is secured to plug 43 which is threaded into the upper end of valve body II.

The lever arm 49 is secured to theupper end of control shaft 43 and rod 5I extends from arm d! to the dash board in cab 4 of the truck for rotation of the lever arm by the operator upon pushing or pulling the rod.

Control shaft '43 is provided internally of valve body Ii .with the upper cam 5I and the lower cam 52. The upper cam is employed to operate the valve for controlling the flow of hydraulic` oil from the pump to the ram while the lower cam operates a valve for controlling the ilow of engine oil from the oil'nlter circuit to diaphragm 42.

The pump oil is stored in a reservoir such as the sump 53 inside the casing Il. Oil is pumped from the sump 53 through passage 54 in pump body I2 by the gears 22 and 22. Itis then pumped through passage and. the passage 5B in valve body l I at right angles to passage 55. The oil line l is threaded into valve body passage 5G and car- Theouterfaceofpulley25iscircularly` sothatplateliwilltwithinthepulleyinside an outer circmnferentialange. The rubberlikematerial issecuredtotheinsideofplate 2l at the periphery for ent with pulley.

35,aswillbedescribed.

The mabber-diaphragm or bellows 42 of the operated clutch is dlsposedbetweenretainerplaie I4andtheshifterange 1|.' mouterendofthednpnrsgmananed betvveenthecirmnnferenthlflangeolithevalve.

bodrliandtheouterclkcofretainerplate I4.

Outward movement of diaphragm 42 under pressure from the engine oil in the oil filter circuitoftheengimaswillbedorces thediaphragmagainstshifterlnsellandthe latterinturnisforcedoutwardlytoforhllb ries the pumped oil to the bottom of ram cylinder 1 to raise piston 6.

The passage 51 in valve body I I in line with passager and to the left of valve passage 55 in Fig. 3 is the return passage for oil iiowing from the cylinder 1, when the piston 5 is lowered, and merges into the passage 52 at right angles thereto which discharges into sump 53 of the pump The check valve 5l is seated in the passage 55 leading from pump gears 22 and 23 by the spring il in turn seated on the inner end of the plug 45, the outer end of which is engaged by the spring 41 of the control shaft. When hydraulic oil is ilcwing from the pump to the ram, spring 54 is compressed and valve 55 isunseated in passage 55. Upon return of the oil from the ram, valve 5! seats and closes ott psage 55.

Pe is which reen-ns ou to sunip sa isclosed to passage'51 by the cam valve 6| seated byspring i2. Theoppositeendofspring is seated on the cam follower 'which is engaged by the upper cam 5| of control shaft 43. The

cam 5I places spring 52 under compression' theoilwhenpistonloftheramislowering. It

is only when cam 5I Yis rotated by the operator that 'valve 9| is unseated. As soon as the lever arm 49 is released spring 41 automatically r'otates the control shaft 43- to a position where valve 6| is seated. 'This permits homing the paf.

known in the automotive industry, continuouslyl flows through va lter circuit which includes the filter 64, as shown in Fig. 6. In the illustrated embodiment, this circuit is of the type which diverts only a small amount of oil from the lubrication circuit (not shown) so that a clogging of the filter does not effect the lubrication circuit. The oil which flows through the filter circuit is utilized tooperate the diaphragm 42 of the hydraulic clutch to clutch the pump pulley 35 to shaft I9 and rotate the pump gears to supply hydraulic oil to the ram or hydraulic cylinder.

The'engine oil of the filter circuit circulates from the engine pump 13 to the filter 64, thence through pipe 65 to the valve body I I and passage 69 and returns to the engine sump by means of pipe 51. The flow of oil throughthe passage 68 is stopped by the valve 69 which is seated in the passage by means of spring 10 seated thereagainst. The opposite end of spring 10 is seated von the cam follower 1I which is engaged by the valve 69 closes the return of passage 69. The release of the spring by the cam effects unseatingr of valve 59 under the greater pressure of the engine oil in the filter circuit and the oil in such circuit then merely circulates throughthe pump and filter. The atmospheric pressure on the diaphragm 42 and the force of springs 33 are enough to overcome the force in spring 'III when uncompressed by cam 52.

When the passage 58 is closed, the engine oil in the lter'circuit then cws through passage 12 in valve body II to diaphragm 42. The pressure of the oil in the filter circuit forces the diaphragm away from retainer plate I4 and shifts flange 3| with hub 30 thereof and pulley 35 outwardly to engage rotating pulley 35 with clutch plate 39 to rotate the pump shaft I9. y g l `The upper cam 5I and the lower cam- 52 are off-set radially from each other on control shaft the piston being lowered.

In the position of the parts as illustratedV in Fig. 7, pin 44 is in a central position as respects the groove 45 of control shaft 43. This position of the'pin is the same as that in Fig. 3. Piston 3 is in a lowered position. Relief valve 59 is seated and the cam valve 6I is seated under the position of upper cam 5I compressing cam spring 52. As

respects the engine oil system the engine pumpA 13 is pumping oil from sump 63 through two separate circuits, one the filter circuit through filter 54, pipe 55, valve body passage 58 and thence circuit-has unseated cam valve 33 and permits the engine oil in such circuit to return to sump 33 as described. Diaphragm 42 'is not under pressure so that pulley 35 idles on-shaft I9 and the pump gears 22 and 23 are not pumping oil.

In Fig. 8 the piston 3 is being raised. The lower cam 52 has been rotated to a position where valve 39 is seated and the filter circuit oil iiows to diaphragm 42 to expand the same and shift pulley .35 into engagement with plate 49 to rotate shaft I3.- This starts gears 22 and 23 rotating to pump hydraulic oil to the ram; Valve 59 is unseated for oil tov pass to the ram. The upper cam 5I has been rotated to a position to maintain cam valve 3l seated to prevent return of oil to the t pump sump 53 through passage 53.

In Fig. 9 the piston is in a hold position. The lower-cam 52 has been rotated to a position where valve 39 is unseated and illter circuit engine oil circulates freely through the pump. Diaphragm 42 is released so that pulley 35 rotates freely and shaft I9 and the pump gears are out of operation. Relief valve 59 is closed and the upper cam valve 5I is seated under the position of upper cam 5I. to prevent return of oil to sump 53.

In Fig. l0 the piston 5 is being lowered. The lowerl cam 52 has been rotated to a position where valve 99 is unseated and lter circuit engine oil circulates freely through the pump. Diaphragm 42 is released so that pulley 35 rotates freely and shaft I9 and the pump gears are out of operation. Relief valve 59 has closed passage 55 and vthe upper cam valve 5I is moved to a position under the rotary position the upper cam 5I has taken. to permit return of hydraulic oil from the ram to the pump sump 53.

Oil for the pump sump 53 issupplied through the tube 14 on the top of pump casing I 0 and which is closed by the cap assembly 15.

'I'he invention provides a hydraulic power unit for operating hydraulic cylinders or rams using the power of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle like a dump truck and having a pump which isconnected by a hydraulically operated back to sump 66 through return pipe 61 and the other the lubrication circuit (not shown). Lower -ing fluid iiow through a clutch to suchtengine. The gears of the pump only rotate when oil is actually being pumped to the ram.v IAlthough the drawing illustrates the invention as applied to the ram of a dump truck it is also contemplated that other hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors or other hydraulic devices may also be operated with the same system.

, both the pump an clutch from a single shaft.

Various embodiments of the invention may be employed within the scope of the accompanying claims.

I claim: v e

1. In combination with a hydraulic power unit adapted to-intermittently actuate a device, and an internal combustion engine having a normally unobstructed oil circuit operated from a source of pressure independently of said hydraulic power unit, a hydraulically actuated clutch between said unit and engine to transmit power from said engine to said unit, a servomotor for operating saidl clutch, valve means movable to a position blockportion of said oil circuit, and an open fluid conduit between said circuit and said servomotor. said conduit being connected to said circuit between said source of pressure and said valve means, whereby movement of said valve means to its blocking position increases the uid pressure in said conduit to actuate said clutch.

7 2. The combination according to claim 1, further provided with second valvemeans ior controlling the output of said hydraulic power unit,

and a common control for operating both of said gaged, diaphragm means carried by said casingand operable in one direction to engage said clutch means, a valve body provided with a iii-st passage for receiving fluid under pressure from an outside source and directing said iluid to said diaphragm and to a discharge opening, -a first valve in said body for closing said discharge opening whereby pressure is applied to said diaphragm, a. second passage in said body for re` ceiving fluid under pressure from said pumping means and directing said fluid to a power opening and a return opening, a second valve in said body for closing said return opening whereby pressure is applied at said power opening, and means for operating said valves Y 4. In a hydraulic power u nit adapted to be operated by the rotative power supplied by an internal combustion engine, a casing, a shaft rotatably supported in said casing and having an end projecting therefrom, hydraulic pumping means in said casing operatively connected to said shaft, a clutch member carried by said end outside of said casing, a pulley rotatably carried by said end, 'said pulley having a clutch member engaging area, spring means for normally maintaining said member and saidarea disengaged, an expansible diaphragm carried outside of said casing adjacent said pulley, said 'diaphragm being operable by hydraulic pressure in one direction to engage -said member and said area, a valve body in said casing provided with a iirst passage for receiving oil under pressure from an outside source and directing said oil to said diaphragm and to a discharge opening, a iirst valve in said body for closing said discharge opening whereby pressure is .applied to said diaphragm, a second passage in said body for receiving hydraulic oil under pressure from recting said oil to said clutch and to a dischargesaid pumping means and directing said hydraulc oil to a power opening and a return opening, a second valve in said body for closing said 5. In a hydraulic power unit including a pump 2 and a pulley by which power is supplied to said pump and a hydraulically operated clutch between said pump and said pulley, a valve body provided with a iirst passage for receiving iiuid imder pressure from an outside source and directing said uid to said clutch and to a discharge opening, the passage to said clutch being always open, a rst valve in said body movable between a iirst position closing said discharge` opening whereby pressure is applied [to said clutch, and a second position connecting said discharge opening and saidV outside source. a

.second passage in said body for receiving iluid under pressure from said pump and directing said fluid to a power opening and a return opening, a second valve in said body for closing said return opening whereby pressure isV applied at said power opening, and means for operating said valves.

6. In a hydraulic powe'r unit including a-pump and a pulley by which power is supplied to said pump and a hydraulically operated clutch between said pump and said pulley, avalve body provided with a irst passage for receiving oil under pressure from an outside source and diopening, a first valve in said body for closing said discharge opening whereby pressure is apvplied to said clutch, a second passage in said body for receiving hydraulic oil under pressure from said pump and directing said hydraulic oil to a power opening and a return opening, a second valve insaid body for closing said return opening whereby preure is applied at said power opening, means for operating said valves, springs to bias said valves toward closed positions with insuilicient force to keep said valves closed against pressures slightly greater than atmospheric, and a control shaft provided with cam members operatively connected'with said springs,

said cam members upon rotation of said shaft selectively applying enough tension on said springs to hold said valves closed against normal operating pressures.

1. A hydraulic power unit as claimed in claim 6, in which said shaft is spring-biased to a neutral position with said rst valve unloaded and said second 'valve loaded.

V`I'JF|"I'.'I'ED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,116,998 Compton i.. Novi 10, 1914 1,223,741 Schwister Apr. 24, 191'? 1,251,399 'Mayel et 81. Dec. 25, 1917 1,376,411 Eaton May 3, 1921 '1,536,264 Pardee I May 5, 1925 1,638,009 CambeSSedeS Aug. 9, 1927 1,788,027 May Jan. 6, 1931 2,414,359

Carnagua et al. -..Q Jan. 14, 1947 

